People

Jaroslav Heyrovsky was the fifth child of Leopold Heyrovsky and Clara //née //Hanl. Jaroslav Heyrovsky obtained his first education at a secondary school until 1909; that is when he began to study chemistry, physics, and mathematics at the Czech University in Prague. Jaroslav then continued his studies at the University College in London; where he became particularly interested in electrochemistry. During World War I, Jaroslav did war service at a military hospital as dispensing chemist and radiologist, which enabled him to continue his studies in order to obtain his Ph.D degree. Jaroslav started as an assistant to Professor B. Brauner in the Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Charles University in Prague, but was later promoted to Associate Professor and became the first Professor of Physical Chemistry at the same university. This enabled Jaroslav to his invention of the polargraphic method. For instance, in 1922, Jaroslav invented the polargraphic method, which was concentrated in his scientific activity of his newly developed branch of electrochemistry; Jaroslav then formed a school of Czech polargraphers. In 1926, Jaroslav married his wife, Marie Koranová, and had two kids, a son named, Michael, and a daughter named, Julia. Moreover in 1950, Jaroslav Heyrovsky was appointed as the Director of the Polargraphic Institute, which has been incorporated in the Czechoslovak Academy of Science since 1952; many universities have honored Jaroslav for his invention of the polargraphic method. In 1959, Jaroslav was awarded the Noble Peace Prize in Chemistry. Polargraphy is an analytical tool that uses mercury electrode dropping to investigate the effects of currents and potentials of a compound. The invention became the first successful voltammetry technique used in analytical chemistry, which has an important influence to Czechoslovakia, because it is used to monitor chemical levels in remotely industrial/bio-hazardous situations. Not only is important to Czechoslovakia, but it is also important to other countries such as: London, Austria, India, Germany, England, Poland, the United States of America, and many more, because of its beneficial awareness in dangerous circumstances such as war-zones, which can potentially kill soldiers/people without the help of the invention.
 * Name: Jaroslav Heyrovsky **
 * Birthplace: Prague, Bohemia (Czech Republic) **
 * Date of birth and death: December 20, 1890-March 27, 1967 **

** Name: Tomas Garrigue Masaryk **

** Date of birth and ** ** death: 1850-1937 **
Tomas Masaryk was the son a Slovakian father and a German-speaking Czechoslovakian mother. Tomas and his family were raised in a low social position, which made it difficult for Tomas to receive an education. Tomas' father persuaded him to enter a trade, and for a while Tomas worked as a blacksmith. Tomas was then able to attend school and completed his secondary education in Vienna in 1872. Tomas supported himself by tutoring wealthy student, and was also helped by his parents in their appreciation of his desire to advance his education. Tomas entered in the University of Vienna and completed his doctorate degree in 1876. After Tomas graduated, he studied at the University of Leipzig for a year; there he met his wife, an American student of music, Charlotte Garrigue. They were married in New York in 1878. She influence Tomas by providing him with a greater knowledge of international affairs that most Czech leader at the time had no knowledge of. To show and symbolize his closeness and appreciation of his wife, Tomas adopted Charlotte's maiden name, Garrigue. In 1879, Tomas became a lecturer at the University of Vienna, which gave him an opportunity to become one of the rising leaders of the nationalist movement. To begin, Tomas became a popular teacher at the University of Prague, because of his role to attack social and political injustices. In 1890, Masaryk entered in politics and was elected to the Austrian parliament. Masaryk represented the Young Czech Party and then the more moderate Realist Party. The two groups were determined to achieve an independent Czech state. The outbreak of World War I was a decisive event in Masaryk's life. For instance, Masaryk believed that that was the time to work for an independent Czech nation. Tomas concluded that the only way to seek independence for Czechoslovakia was to reach it outside of the Austria-Hungary countries. Tomas started movements with Czech-Slovak people outside of the Austrian-Hungarian countries and gave them lectures about an independent nation in Czechoslovakia, and on November 14, 1918, Masaryk was elected president of Czechoslovakia for his success in creating a new peaceful independent republic. Tomas Masaryk shaped his ideal country; he was able to apply his ideas to his practical politics, which was reflected in his desire for political freedom and national independence. Although, Tomas lived in periods where liberalism and nationalism triumphed. During Tomas' position as president, Tomas was able to bring peace and stability to his country, which allowed his country to reach a democratic state. He was also able to develop friendly relationships with other neighboring countries. Moreover, Tomas Masaryk is given achievement for not only becoming the first president of Czechoslovakia, but is also given kudos for his credit made for Czechoslovakia becoming the closest to reflect hope of a world according to the Peace of Versailles.